The reconstruction was the time period after the civil from 1865 and 1877. Reconstruction had it where the states would be self-governed but they would all be united by the same government, it also said that African Americans would be free citizens not slaves. In theory this was good but during the time while this was in effect it failed because of a lack of leadership. Lincoln's predecessor Andrew Johnson messed up big time, he sent republicans to the south to help but in stead they delivered black codes. He also rejected a bill on civil rights he also pulled the remaining union troops to Texas they had been enforcing the laws to make sure that the African Americans were treated as citizens. As soon as troops left the rebels ruled the south again, Johnson as a president made a lot of mistakes during the reconstruction. This is relevant because thing may have been different today if Johnson hadn't messed the reconstruction up or reject the bill for civil rights.
http://middleeast.about.com/b/2009/06/30/590.htm
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